Apparatus for coking solid fuel



April 9, 1929. E. RAFFLOER APPARATUS FOR COKING SOLID FUEL Filed April 1, 1925 3-Sheets-Sheet C a Attz).

9, 1929; E. RAFFLOER fivmvwz APPARATUS FOR COKING SOLID FUEL 'Fild A ril 1, 1925 s Sheets- Sheet 2 Attorney 71211 fiaffl oer E. RAFFLOE'R APPARATUS FOR comm sour) FUEL s Sheets-Shet 5 Filed April 1925 Patented Apr. 9,1929. I E$fl52 UNHTED STATES PATENT EMIL RAFFLOER, OF DUISBEBG, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR GOKING SOLID FUEL.

Application filed April 1, 1925. Serial No. 19,754.-

My invention relates to improvements in means to cover the chambers at the parts adapparatus for coking solid fuel such as coal jacent to the intake ends thereof where the or brown-coal at low temperature, and more coal is heated and gasification does not yet particularly in an oven in which the solid begin. I fuel is coked within a rotary drum provided By heating and coking, the coal is expandinternally with longitudinal chambers for ed, and tends to stick to the walls of the the reception of the fuel and adapted to be chambers. To avoid this, and to facilitate externally heated. In 'rotary ovens .of this the escape of the gas I prefer to provide the type a roller has been provided internally of coal filled into the chambers with a hollow 10 the oven for compressing the coal confined space, for which purpose I provide the within the said chambers, and While slowly plunger at its front end with a rod adapted rotating the drum the coal is successively to be extended into the successive chambers pressed into the successive chambers from and to form a hole therein. one end thereof by means of a plunger hav- I have found that ordinarily the resistance 15 ing reciprocatingmovement in the direction of the coal moved by the said plunger of the said chambers and adapted when through the chambers is sufficient to insure charging a chamber to force the tinished compression of the coal, and that in some product therefrom. The object of the imcases the frictional reaction of the coal is provements is to increase the efficiency of the not sutlicient to produce a compact coke, and 20 oven and to render the operation thereof in such cases I provide reaction means at more easy. lVith these objects in View my the delivery end of the rotary drum in posiinvention consists in providing within the tion for reacting on the coal being comrotary drum a tubular roller for compresspressed by the plunger. Preferably such ing the coal confined within the chambers, reaction means consist of a plate located in and providing means for passing the coal to position for closing the chamber and acted be subjected to the process first through the upon by a spring or a Weighted body. said tubular roller and towards the charging Preferably a generator is provided in conside of the rotary drum, and thereafter ncction with the coke oven for receiving the through said chambers. Thereby the coal coke, gasifying the same, and, in some cases,

i 30 passed through the said roller is preheated, supplying gas for heating the coke oven. I 30 dried and partly desulfurized, the steam and have found that this combination is parthe hydrogen-sulfide being preferably reticularly etI'cctive, because the coke produced moved from the roller separately from the in my oven is hard and coherent, so that it vapor developed from said chambers, so is not blown by the air from the generator.

5 that the gas produced by the coking process By directly su 'iplying the hot coke from the 5 is coi'nparatively free of steam and sulfur. oven to the generator, and heating the oven Further, the chambers receiving the coal by means of the gas from the generator, the are constructed so that they are goperation of the plant is made economical. increased in cross-sectional area i I v ltIy improved process is suitable for mak- 40 charging end to thedelivery end, and prefing bricks from mixtures of solid fuel with erably the diameter-of the rotary drum is granular ore, the bricks thus produced being gradually increased from the charging to very hard and coherent, so that they are not the delivery end, so that the breadth of the broken Within the metallurgical furnace. chambers is gradually increased. In lieu For the purpose of'explaining the inven- 5 of increasing the breadth, or in addition tion more in detail an oven has been illus- 5 thereto, the radial dimension of the chamtrated in the accompanying drawings, in hers may be increased. In rotary ovens now which the same reference characters have in use the chambers are open at their inner been used in all the views to indicate corresides, and ordinarily I intend to adopt the sponding parts. In said drawings,

5 same system. But in some cases I provide Fig. l, is an elevation showing the plant including the coke oven and the generator,

Fig. 2, is a sectional elevation showing the coke oven, and

Fig. 3, is a section taken onthe line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In the example shown in the drawings the plant consists of a rotary coke oven 1 and a generator 2. As appears more particularly from Figs. 2 and 3, the coke oven comprises a cylindrical brick work '32 having a cylinder 10 of iron or steel rotatably mounted therein. Between the brickwork and the said cylinder there is a chamber divided by partitions 33, 34 and 35 so as to provide a flue 36 having its inlet at 5 and its outlet at 7, the inlet being connected by a pipe 37 with the gasification chamber of the generator, and the outlet 7 being connected by a pipe 38 with a stack. To the ends of the cylinder 10 rings 39 are secured which are supported on rollers 40, and one of the said rings is formed with gear teeth 27 cngaged by a gear wheel 26 secured to a driving shaft 41 by means of which rotary movement 1s imparted to the cylinder 10.

Internally the cylinder 10 is provided with longitudinal partitions 11 providing chambers 12 adapted to receive the solid fuel to be subjected to the process.

At one end the cylinder 10 is closed by a wall 42 made integral with a funnel 20, an exhaust pipe 21 and a delivery pipe 3, all of the said parts being suitably supported on uprights 43. The opposite end of the cylinder is closed by a plate 44 made integral with a container 45, a funnel 46 opening into the said container and a tubular member 47 communicating with the container 45, the WllOlQOf the said parts being supported on uprights 48. I

Within the cylinder 10 and at the bottom part thereof there is a tubular roller-or conveyor 13 formed at its left hand end with a hub 49 supported on a trunnion 50 projecting from the end wall 42. At its opposite end the roller 13 is made integral with a hub 51 having a shaft 52 secured thereto, which shaft is provided with suitable driving means represented in Fig. 2 by a gear wheel 53. The shaft 52 is suitably supported in the end plate 44 and the wall of the casing 45. Internally the roller 13 is provided with a conveyer 19 for moving the solid fuel from the intake or left hand end of; the roller 13 to the right hand end there- 0 The funnel 20 and the exhaust pipe 21 openinto the roller 13, the object of the funnel being to supply fresh fuel to the roller 13, and .the object of the pipe 21 being to remove vapor such as steam and hydrogensulfide therefrom. The delivery end of the roller 13 opens into the container 45 where the coal is deposited. In addition, solid fuel may be supplied to the container 45 "are successively through the funnel 23 after opening a valve The tubular member 47 is in alignment with the chambers 12 passing upon rotation of the cylinder 10 in front thereof, and the said tubular member has a plunger 14 mounted therein, which is adapted to be reciprocated by a cam 28 keyed to a shaft 54. Preferably a rod 17 is provided at the inner end of the plunger 14. The object of the plunger 14 is to force the fuel from the container 45 into the chambers 12 which brought in line with the tubular member 47. Thus the fuel is compressed within the chambers 12, the rod 17 providing a hollow space 18 within the fuel being advanced through the chambers 12. The compressed and coked fuel is delivered into the tubular member 3. Ordinarily the frictional resistance of the fuel is sufficient to insure sufficient compression by the plunger 14. But in some cases I provide a gate 24'at the delivery end of the tubular member 3, which gate is automatically and yieldingly pressed towards the member 3 for example by means of a weighted body 25.

In the preferred construction I provide the chambers 12 with cross-sections which are gradually increased from the right hand or inlet end to the left hand or delivery end. As shown the cylinder 10 is increased in diameter from the intake end to the delivery end, so that the height of the parti tions 11 and the breadth of the chambers at the outer circumference is gradually increased.

In some cases I provide a cylinder 29 at the inlet end of the cylinder 10 for covering the chambers 12 at their inner'sides. The length of the said cylinder is such that the chambers are closed only at the part of their length where the fuel is heated, and coking and gasification does not yet take place.

In ovens of the kind referred to the solid fuel is heated only so far that the fuel is not perfectly coked and is delivered in a state which I shall describe as semi-coked, the fuel being heated in the chambers 12 at a temperature of about 500 C. v

The operation of the coke oven is as fol lows: The solid fuel is supplied to the even through the funnel 20 from which it is discharged into the tubular roller 13, while intermittent rotary movement is imparted to the said roller 13 and the cylinder 10.. The helical vanes 19 provided within the roller 13 convey the fuel towards the container 45, so that the fuel is dried and desulfurized, the steam and hydrogen-sulfide escaping through the exhaust pipe 21. From the container 45 the fuel is intermittently forced by the reciprocating plunger 14 into the chambers 12 and through the same towards the delivery pipe 3, and by the frictional resistance and, in some cases, by the reaction of the yielding gate- 24 the coal is compressed, so that it is delivered vfrom the pipe 3 in the form of hard and coherent blocks, The coke delivered from the pipe 3 may be shipped to a place of further use;

. tioned supplying means; and means to heat or it may be directly discharged into a funnel 4 of the generator 2 for being directly gasified therein. Thegas produced within the generator is in part conveyed through the pipe 37 and to the flue 36, where it is used for drying and preheating the coal within the roller 13 and degasifyingthe same Within the chambers 12. The gas not used for heating purposes is delivered through a pipe 6 and conveyed to a place of further use. The delivery of the gas to the pipes 6 and 37 is controlled by valves 56 and 57. The gas produced from the coal within the chambers 12 is discharged through the pipe 8.

In such cases in which the roller 13 is out of use the fuel may be directly supplied'to the container 45"through the funnel, 23.

Ordinarily the said funnel is closed by a gate 22.

I claim:

1. A coke oven, including in combination; an. elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substan- -'tially horizontal and having longitudinal partitions thei'ein extending inwardly from the longitudinal wall of said drum'so as to the roller and through the a which are open to the inside of the drum;

form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the inside of the drum; a rotary tubular roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the low ermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on an axis substantially parallel to but below the axis of rotationof said drum; means to rotate the drum so as to bring successively the different chambers below the said roller; means to pass matter to be coked first through the said roller and then through the said chambers; and meansto heat the said matter whilst assing through ambers. 2. A coke oven, including in combination;

an elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substan-- tially horizontal and having longitudinal partitions therein extendin lnwardly-trom the longitudinal wall of said drum so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers a rotary. tubular roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on an axis substantiallyparallel to but below the axis of rotation of said drum; 5 means to rotate the drum so as to brinaisuccessively the different chambers below the said roller; supplying means at one end of the drum for supplying matter to be coked successively to the different chambers; means for conveying the matter to be coked along through the said roller to the before menwhich are open to the inside of the drum a rotary tubular roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such positionas to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on an axis substantially parallel to but below the axis of rotation of said drum; means to rotate the drum so as to bring successively the different chambers below the said roller; supplying means at one end of the drum for supplying matter to be coked successively to the dilferent chambers; a

screw conveyor within the roller for conveying the matter to be coked through the roller to'the sald supplying means; and means to heat the said matter whilst passing through the roller and through the chambers.

4:. A coke oven, including in combination; an elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substanpartitions therein extending inwardly from the, longitudinal wall of said drum so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the inside of the drum; a rotary tubular roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner s ides of the low-, ermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on-an axis'substantially parallel to but below the axis. of rotation of said drum; means to rotate the drum so as-to bring. successively the diflerent chambers below the said roller; means to pass matter to be coked first through the said roller and thenthrough thesaid chambers; means for supplying solid matter .to the chambers and means, separate from the second mentioned means, for supplying solid matter to the said roller; and means to heat the said matter fpassing through the ioller' and Y through the chambers.

whilst 5. A coke oven, including in combination tially horizontal and having longitudinal,

an elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and ,substan"-- tially horizontal and having longitudinal partitions therein extending inwardly from the longitudinal wall of said drum so as to nally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers, said roller being ro- 'tatable on an axis substantially parallel to but below the axis of rotation of said drum; means to rotate the drum so as to bring successively the difi'erent chambers below thesaid roller; means to pass matter to be eoked first through the said roller and then through the said chambers; means to heat the said matter whilst passing through the roller and through the chambers; and separate discharge conduits for the gases and vapors extracted from the roller and fromv the drum respectively.

6. Acolre oven, including in combination; an elongated tapered rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substantially horizontal and having longitudinal partitionstherein extending inwardly from the longitudinal wall of said drum, said partitions being of increasing height so as .to form channel-like longitudinal chambers of increasing cross sectional area from one end to the other end which chambers are open to the inside of the drumymeans to press the matter to be coked through the said chambers from the end of smaller cross sectional area to the end of larger cross sectional area; means to rotate the said drum and means to heat the matter moving through the said chambers.

I 7 A coke oven, including in combination; an elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substantially horizontal and increasing in diameter from one end to the other end and having longitudinal partitions ther in extending inwardly from the longitudinal wall of said drum, said partitions being shaped to form channel-like longitudinal chambers of increasing cross sectional area from one end to the other end and which chambers are open to the inside of the drum; means to press the matter to be coked through the said chambers from the end of smaller cross sectional area to the end of larger'cross sec-' tional area; means to rotate the said drum; and means to heat the matter moving through the said chambers.

8. A coke oven, including in combination; a drum mounted for rotation on a horizontal axis and having inner longitudinal partitions extending radially from its wall so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the inside of the drum; a rotary tubular roller arranged longitudinally and eccentrically within the said drum in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said rota-r chambers; means to rotate the drum so as to bring successively the different chambers cate the said plunger in and out of'the said chambers; and means to heat the said matter whilst passing through the roller and through the chambers.

9. A coke oven, including in, combination;

a drum mounted for rotation on a horizontal axis and having inner longitudinal partitions extending radially from its wall so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the'inside of the drum; a

tubular roller arranged longitudinally and eecentrically within the said drum in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers; means to rotate the drum so as to bring successively the difi'erent chambers below the said roller; means to press the matter to be coked through the chambers; means to partially resist the delivery of the matter from the ends oi the chambers op 'iosite to the said matter pressing means; and means to heat the matter moving through the said chambers.

10. A coke oven, including in combination; a drum mounted for rotation on a horizontal axis and having inner longitudinal partitions extending radially from its'wall so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the inside of,

the drum; a rotary roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on an axis substantially parallel to but below the axis of rotation of said drum; means to rot-ate the drum so as to bring successively the different chambers below the said roller; means to pass the matter to be coked through the said chambers;

, and means to heat the matter whilst passing through the said chambers.

11. A coke oven, including in combination; an elongated rotary drum having its axis of rotation longitudinal thereof and substantially horizontal and having longitudinal partitions therein extending inwardly from the longitudinal wall of said drum so as to form channel-like longitudinal chambers which are open to the inside of the drum; a rotary roller arranged longitudinally within the said drum and free from said partitions in such position as to cover the open parts of the inner sides of the lowermost of said chambers, said roller being rotatable on an axis substantially parlow the said roller; meansto pass matter to allel to but below the axis of rotation of said he eoked through the said chambers and drum; a cylindrical roller within the drum means to heat the matter Whilst passing 10 for covering the open sides of said chambers through the said chambers.

5 through a portion of the length oi the In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my drum; means to rotate the drum so as to signature. bring successively the different chambers be- EMIL RAFFLOER. 

